How Does Sleep Deprivation Rewrite the Cognitive Function in the Hippocampus?
Lingzhuo Kong1,2, Huaizhi Wang3, Yubin Sun1
1Department of Clinical Psychology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117, China.
Abstract:
In the modern society, sleep loss has become a global concern. Sleep deprivation (SD), a special type of complete acute or chronic sleep loss, swiftly erodes cognitive functions with observed structural and functional changes in the brain according to previous research. Hippocampus, especially its cornu ammonis 1 region presenting density in cognition-critical pyramidal neurons and complex inter-cellular crosstalk, is particularly vulnerable to sleep loss. SD disrupts hippocampal structure and function, leading to cognitive deficits. Mechanistically, by uncoupling energy-redox homeostasis, SD silences plasticity-promoting signals and neuron-glia interactions while amplifying neuroinflammation and metabolic deficits, thereby disrupting synaptic efficacy, network synchrony, waste removal procedure, and neurogenesis across the hippocampus and its related circuits. Although several pharmacological and non-pharmacological translational attempts have been announced, more efforts are in demand for advanced multi-modal models and cohorts integrating transcriptomics, connectomics, and real-time neuromodulation for elucidating the cascading mechanisms of SD-induced cognitive deficits in the hippocampus, as well as for interventions restoring sleep-dependent cognitive resilience and supporting precision psychiatry.
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