Missing Cases, Missing Care: Surveillance Gaps and Indigenous Snakebite Envenoming in the Brazilian Amazon
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Updated: Nov 9, 2026

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
Published on: October 6, 2023
Jacqueline de Almeida Gonçalves Sachett1, Marcelle Collyer da Silveira2, Patrícia Carvalho da Silva Balieiro2
1School of Health Sciences, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Department of Teaching and Research, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor, Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
Abstract:
Snakebite envenoming disproportionately affects Indigenous populations in remote areas of the Brazilian Amazon. We compared snakebite records from Indigenous and national health information systems in Amazonas and Roraima between 2015 and 2019. Although 2,150 cases were recorded in the Indigenous health database (SIASI) and 13,480 in the national system (SINAN), only 692 matched (32.2%). This low convergence suggests surveillance fragmentation, underestimation of Indigenous snakebite burden, and potential impacts on antivenom planning and equitable healthcare access.
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