Stakeholder perspectives on simulation-based education in radiation oncology: opportunities and barriers

Radiation therapists (RTTs) face increasing clinical demands, limiting opportunities for structured training and feedback during work-based learning. This study explored whether simulation-based education (SBE) could address these challenges. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 stakeholders (i.e. students, RTTs, managers and educators) in a Dutch academic hospital. Participants valued SBE for providing a safe environment for repetitive practice, feedback and bridging theory and practice. Reported barriers included time, costs, resources and limited fidelity. Technical skills, methodical working and teamwork were seen as suitable learning objectives. The study concludes that successful SBE implementation requires institutional support, trained faculty and realistic, learner-centred scenarios.