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Related Experiment Videos

Human alpha fetoprotein in body fluids.

J A Smith, T I Francis, G M Edington

    British Journal of Cancer
    |June 1, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is detectable in various bodily fluids, including ascitic fluid, CSF, and bile. This finding suggests that these fluids can aid in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Oncology
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a well-known tumor marker.
    • Previous studies have focused on AFP in serum for diagnostic purposes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and diagnostic utility of AFP in various human bodily fluids.
    • To determine if non-serum body fluids can serve as reliable indicators for hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Main Methods:

    • Agar double diffusion technique was employed.
    • Analysis was performed on samples from fetuses, neonates, and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Main Results:

    • AFP was detected in ascitic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), bile, meconium, and feces.

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  • AFP was notably absent in amniotic and pericardial fluids.
  • Urine samples showed AFP in fetuses with renal disease; breast milk was negative for AFP.
  • Pleural effusions contained AFP when lung metastases were present from AFP-producing hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • AFP concentrations in serum and other detected body fluids were comparable.

    • Conclusions:

    • The presence of AFP in various body fluids, beyond serum, offers a potential diagnostic avenue.
    • Non-serum body fluid analysis for AFP may provide a valuable tool for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma.