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Protein-induced hypercalciuria: a longer term study.

L H Allen, E A Oddoye, S Margen

    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    |April 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High protein diets increase urinary calcium excretion and lead to negative calcium balance. This suggests potential bone loss, even with adequate calcium intake, due to reduced kidney calcium reabsorption.

    Area of Science:

    • Nutrition Science
    • Renal Physiology
    • Bone Metabolism

    Background:

    • Dietary protein intake is linked to urinary calcium excretion.
    • High protein diets may impact calcium balance and bone health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the persistence and mechanism of hypercalciuria from high protein diets.
    • To assess calcium balance and potential bone loss indicators during high protein intake.

    Main Methods:

    • A 95-day metabolic study with six adult males.
    • Formula diets provided either 12 g or 36 g nitrogen with ~1400 mg calcium daily.
    • Measurements included urine calcium, calcium absorption, calcium balance, and urinary hydroxyproline.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Urine calcium significantly increased from 191 mg/day to 277 mg/day with higher protein intake.
    • Calcium absorption showed no significant difference, but calcium balance decreased from -37 mg/day to -137 mg/day.
    • Urinary hydroxyproline, serum insulin, and parathyroid hormone levels did not significantly increase.

    Conclusions:

    • High protein diets induce hypercalciuria, likely due to decreased kidney fractional calcium reabsorption.
    • High protein intake leads to negative calcium balance, suggesting a risk of bone loss.
    • Increased dietary calcium is unlikely to counteract the negative calcium balance caused by high protein diets.