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Comparison between the polymyxins and gentamicin in preventing endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation and

J J Corrigan, B M Bell

    Infection and Immunity
    |November 1, 1971
    PubMed

    Insights

    Polymyxin B sulfate effectively neutralized endotoxin toxicity in rabbits, preventing leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Colymycin M showed some effect, while gentamicin sulfate did not neutralize endotoxin effects.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Microbiology
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Endotoxins are potent toxins released from bacteria.
    • Endotoxins can cause severe systemic effects, including disseminated intravascular coagulation.
    • Antimicrobial agents are investigated for potential endotoxin-neutralizing properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of three antimicrobial agents in neutralizing endotoxin toxicity.
    • To compare the neutralizing capabilities of polymyxin B sulfate, colymycin M, and gentamicin sulfate against endotoxin effects in a rabbit model.

    Main Methods:

    • Rabbits were administered endotoxin to induce toxic effects.
    • The ability of polymyxin B sulfate, colymycin M (sodium colistimethate), and gentamicin sulfate to counteract these effects was assessed.
    • Key indicators monitored included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

    Main Results:

    • Polymyxin B sulfate consistently prevented endotoxin-induced leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
    • Colymycin M exhibited similar protective activity but was less potent than polymyxin B sulfate.
    • Gentamicin sulfate demonstrated no significant endotoxin-neutralizing activity in this experimental setup.

    Conclusions:

    • Polymyxin B sulfate is a highly effective agent for neutralizing endotoxin toxicity in rabbits.
    • Colymycin M offers partial protection against endotoxin effects.
    • Gentamicin sulfate is ineffective in neutralizing endotoxin-induced toxicity in this model.

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