Biological reactors as renal substitutes

The concept of using natural biological reactors for renal support has been investigated. Normal urine was used as the source of urinary wastes. Quantities of nitrogenous wastes approaching those produced in renal failure patients have been removed in batch reactors. Mixed strains of microorganisms are required. While further studies are required, it is conceivable that biological reactors can be useful in combination with other technologies in the design of future treatment modalities for renal failure.