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Bronchial cancer in Hong Kong 1976-1977.

W C Chan, M J Colbourne, S C Fung

    British Journal of Cancer
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bronchial cancer incidence is high in Hong Kong, particularly in women. This study investigated smoking as a risk factor, finding a stronger link in men and certain tumor types, while causes for non-smoking women remain unknown.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Bronchial cancer presents a significant and growing public health challenge in Hong Kong.
    • Age-specific mortality rates for bronchial cancer are exceptionally high among women in Hong Kong.
    • Histological variations in bronchial cancer necessitate specific etiological investigations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between smoking and bronchial cancer in Hong Kong.
    • To examine differences in smoking association based on patient sex and tumor histology.
    • To explore potential risk factors for bronchial cancer in non-smoking women.

    Main Methods:

    • A case-control study was conducted between 1976 and 1977.
    • Interviews were conducted with 208 male and 189 female bronchial cancer patients.
    • Data collected included smoking habits, tumor histology, residence, occupation, and cooking fuel usage.

    Main Results:

    • A notable association between smoking and bronchial cancer was observed, stronger in males than females.
    • The association with smoking was more pronounced in squamous cell and small-cell carcinomas compared to adenocarcinoma.
    • In non-smoking women, adenocarcinoma was the predominant histological type, with no identified links to residence, occupation, or specific cooking fuels.

    Conclusions:

    • Smoking is a significant risk factor for bronchial cancer in Hong Kong, with varying impact by sex and histology.
    • A substantial proportion of women with bronchial cancer were non-smokers, indicating other etiological factors are at play.
    • The specific causes of bronchial cancer in non-smoking women in Hong Kong require further investigation.

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