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Inhibition of Sindbis virus replication in HeLa cells by poliovirus
Abstract:
Concomitant infection of HeLa cells with poliovirus and Sindbis (SB) virus allowed replication of poliovirus only. The poliovirus-induced interference with the replication of SB virus was dependent partially on the multiplicity of SB virus used for infection. The observed interference was not sensitive to guanidine. Translation, but not replication of poliovirus, appears to be needed for the restriction of SB virus. Superinfection of SB virus-infected cultures with poliovirus was followed by inhibition of protein, but not by viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis. Polyribosomes present in SB virus-infected cells were disaggregated subsequent to superinfection. The nascent SB viral RNAs synthesized in cells subsequent to superinfection were not associated with the ribosomal structures. These results indicate that the block in protein synthesis, possibly at the level of initiation, may be the basis of the observed interference.
Insights
Poliovirus infection blocks Sindbis virus replication by inhibiting protein synthesis. This interference, observed in HeLa cells, suggests a translation-level block may be responsible for the observed viral interference.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Viral coinfections can lead to complex interactions affecting replication.
- Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for virology research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interference mechanism when HeLa cells are coinfected with poliovirus and Sindbis virus (SB).
- To determine the stage of viral replication affected by poliovirus during coinfection.
Main Methods:
- HeLa cells were coinfected with poliovirus and Sindbis virus.
- Analysis of viral RNA and protein synthesis was performed.
- Polyribosome profiles were examined after superinfection.
Main Results:
- Poliovirus replicated, but Sindbis virus did not, in coinfected HeLa cells.
- Poliovirus-induced interference with Sindbis virus replication was dependent on Sindbis virus multiplicity.
- The interference was linked to poliovirus translation, not replication, and involved inhibition of protein synthesis and polyribosome disaggregation.
Conclusions:
- Poliovirus interferes with Sindbis virus replication by inhibiting protein synthesis, likely at the translation initiation level.
- This interference mechanism highlights the complex interplay between different viruses within a host cell.