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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

1.5K
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

760
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
760
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

1.4K
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
1.4K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

2.1K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
2.1K
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

679
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
679
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

1.7K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
1.7K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy Under Local Anesthesia for L5/S1 Adjacent Segment Foraminal Stenosis
07:44

Transforaminal Full-Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminotomy Under Local Anesthesia for L5/S1 Adjacent Segment Foraminal Stenosis

Published on: October 17, 2025

905

Local anesthesia of the face.

W R Panje

    The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology
    |April 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details local anesthesia for the face, covering patient prep, anesthetic types, facial nerves, and application techniques. It provides a comprehensive guide for safe and effective facial anesthesia procedures.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Dermatology
    • Plastic Surgery

    Background:

    • Facial local anesthesia is crucial for procedures.
    • Understanding facial innervation is key for effective anesthesia.
    • Proper patient preparation ensures safety and efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the principles and practice of local anesthesia on the face.
    • To detail preoperative patient preparation.
    • To discuss effective anesthetic agents and techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of principles and practice of facial local anesthesia.
    • Discussion of patient preoperative preparation.
    • Analysis of topical and injectable local anesthetics.
    • Examination of facial nerve innervation.

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  • Description of topical application and injection techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Effective local anesthesia of the face requires careful patient preparation.
    • Knowledge of facial innervation guides anesthetic placement.
    • Appropriate selection of topical and injectable anesthetics is vital.
    • Mastery of application and injection techniques ensures successful outcomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Comprehensive understanding of facial anatomy and anesthetic pharmacology is essential.
    • Adherence to established techniques maximizes efficacy and patient safety.
    • This guide serves as a resource for practitioners performing facial local anesthesia.