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Streptococcal L forms and phage. A clinical-epidemiologic study.

R W Quinn, P N Lowry

    The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine
    |January 1, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Streptococcal L-forms were not found in children with or carrying Group A Streptococcus. Lysogeny, or bacteriophage presence, was more common in infected children and during high carrier rates, suggesting a link to infection.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a significant human pathogen.
    • Streptococcal L-forms are cell-wall deficient variants with potential clinical relevance.
    • Bacteriophages (lysogeny) and erythrogenic toxins are virulence factors associated with GAS.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of streptococcal L-forms in children.
    • To determine the prevalence of bacteriophages (lysogeny) in GAS isolates.
    • To explore the relationship between lysogeny, carrier rates, and streptococcal disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of Group A Streptococcus from children (carriers and those with disease).
    • Induction of L-form colony formation in vitro.

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  • Detection of bacteriophages in GAS isolates using standard microbiological techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Streptococcal L-forms were not isolated from either carrier children or those with streptococcal disease.
    • L-colony formation was inducible in 15 strains of Group A Streptococcus.
    • Bacteriophages were detected in 20% of carrier isolates and 44.9% of disease isolates.
    • Lysogeny was more frequent during high carrier rates and in children with manifest disease.
    • Lysogeny and erythrogenic toxin production occurred simultaneously in about half of tested GAS strains.

    Conclusions:

    • Streptococcal L-forms do not appear to be readily isolated from infected or carrier children.
    • Lysogeny in Group A Streptococcus may be positively associated with carrier rates and disease.
    • Lysogeny is not essential for erythrogenic toxin production in Group A Streptococcus.