Recognition and management of embolism to the superior mesenteric artery

Two cases of superior mesenteric arterial embolism are presented. The diagnosis should be suspected when severe abdominal pain develops suddenly in a patient with a cardiac arrhythmia or a recent history of myocardial infarction. Further support for the diagnosis is given by the finding of a poor peripheral circulation and a paucity of abdominal physical signs. The value of arteriography is questionable except to distinguish between thrombosis and embolism. The importance of early laparotomy as a diagnostic and life-saving measure is emphasized.