Malignant transformation of tracheobronchial juvenile papillomatosis without prior radiotherapy

Squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea and bronchi developed in a 19-year-old male with recurrent laryngeal papillomata since age four, who had received no prior radiotherapy, but who was tracheotomized for obstructive laryngeal papillomata. Treatment with intravenous cytosine arabinoside, "moderate dose" methotrexate, topical 5-fluorouracil and irradiation failed to alter tumor growth, and the patient succumbed to recurrent arterial tumor emboli.