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Hemispheric efficiency in middle and later adulthood.

R C Johnson, R E Cole, J K Bowers

    Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Older adults show a sharp decline in right hemisphere function, impacting spatial abilities. Left hemisphere function remains stable, preserving verbal abilities with aging.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Aging is associated with cognitive changes, particularly in hemispheric functioning.
    • Previous research suggests potential age-related declines in specific brain hemisphere efficiencies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate age-related changes in right and left hemisphere efficiency.
    • To examine the relationship between hemispheric function and cognitive performance in older adults.

    Main Methods:

    • Experiment I: Assessed hemispheric efficiency using dichotic memory for numbers in older adults.
    • Experiment II: Tested musical note recognition performance in a separate group of older adults.

    Main Results:

    • Right hemisphere efficiency significantly declined with age in the number memory task.

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  • Left hemisphere efficiency showed no significant decline in the number memory task.
  • Age-related performance decrements were observed in musical note recognition, irrespective of the hemisphere.
  • Conclusions:

    • Age-related decline in spatial ability may be linked to reduced right hemispheric functioning.
    • Preserved left hemisphere efficiency might explain the lack of decline in verbal abilities with age.