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Hemisphere functioning in autistic children.

M R Prior, J L Bradshaw

    Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Autistic children showed atypical language lateralization, with many exhibiting right hemisphere dominance instead of the typical left. This finding suggests altered brain organization for language in autism, linked to early speech development and IQ.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Linguistics

    Background:

    • Childhood autism is increasingly linked to cognitive deficits, particularly severe language impairment.
    • Previous research suggests potential differences in brain organization, including language lateralization, in autistic individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate handedness and speech function lateralization in children with autism.
    • To compare language processing in autistic children with a typically developing control group.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed handedness and used a dichotic listening task with single-syllable words to evaluate speech lateralization.
    • Compared performance between a group of autistic children and a matched group of normal children.

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    Main Results:

    • No strictly left-handed children were found in the autistic group; some showed mixed preference.
    • Autistic children performed similarly to controls in accuracy but lacked the typical right-ear advantage.
    • A significant excess of right hemisphere dominance for verbal stimuli was observed in autistic children.
    • Language lateralization was correlated with early speech development (before age 5) and IQ level.

    Conclusions:

    • Autistic children may exhibit atypical language lateralization, with a notable proportion showing right hemisphere dominance.
    • These findings suggest altered neurodevelopmental pathways for language in autism.
    • The degree of atypical lateralization is related to early language acquisition and cognitive abilities.