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Related Experiment Videos

Control by stimulus features during fading.

J Doran, J G Holland

    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Children learned size discrimination when easy problems came first. Starting with difficult tasks hindered learning, but dual control was achieved with discriminable or progressively less subtle stimuli.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Psychology
    • Perceptual Learning
    • Behavioral Science

    Background:

    • Understanding how children learn complex visual discriminations is crucial for educational and therapeutic interventions.
    • Fading, a technique where one stimulus gradually changes to another, is used to establish stimulus control.
    • Luminance and size are fundamental visual features that can influence perceptual learning.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effectiveness of a fading procedure using luminance to establish circle-size discrimination in children.
    • To determine the impact of initial discrimination difficulty on the success of the fading process.
    • To examine the conditions under which dual control (control by both size and luminance) is achieved.

    Main Methods:

    • Sixteen children participated in a study involving four successive circle-size discrimination problems.

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  • Luminance was employed as the fading stimulus, gradually shifting to establish size discrimination.
  • Probe stimuli were presented to assess the control exerted by size versus luminance at different stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Children who began with an easy size discrimination successfully learned a subsequent difficult discrimination.
    • Conversely, children initially presented with a difficult discrimination failed to acquire it.
    • Successful fading, indicated by dual control, occurred when stimuli were highly discriminable or when subtle discriminations followed easier ones.

    Conclusions:

    • The order of difficulty in discrimination tasks significantly impacts learning outcomes in children.
    • A gradual introduction of complexity, starting with easier discriminations, facilitates the acquisition of more challenging perceptual tasks.
    • Successful fading requires careful stimulus selection and sequencing to ensure control is transferred effectively from the fading stimulus to the target stimulus.