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Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Abstract:
The facial nerve, parotid duct, and external ear canal are at risk from penetrating injuries in the parotid region. The areas of the face supplied by the major branches of the facial nerve should be checked in the emergency department so that repair of a cut nerve can be performed while the distal end is able to be stimulated electronically. The parotid duct can be probed and lacerations repaired. The external ear canal should be repaired and stented to prevent stenosis.
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