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Related Concept Videos

The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
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Spontaneous and Induced Mutations01:30

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Spontaneous mutations arise infrequently during DNA replication due to errors in the process. A key factor behind these errors is tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, where bases transition from keto to enol forms or amino to imino forms. This shift can alter base-pairing rules, leading to mutations. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from aerobic metabolism can damage DNA, resulting in depurination (loss of a purine base) or depyrimidination (loss of a pyrimidine base).
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Spontaneity02:21

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A spontaneous process is one that occurs naturally under certain conditions. A nonspontaneous process, on the other hand, will not take place unless it is “driven” by the continual input of energy from an external source. Processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under a given set of conditions. Water will naturally flow downhill (spontaneous process), but uphill flow (nonspontaneous process) requires outside intervention such as the use of a pump. Iron exposed to...
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Spinal Cord01:26

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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
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[The electroneuromyographic study of the radial nerve: compressive ischemic neuropathy of the posterior interosseous nerve].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova·2008
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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[Spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhages].

I P Antonov, L S Gitkina, O P Virovlianskaia

    Zhurnal Nevropatologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952)
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SSH) presents with acute spinal pain, meningeal, and cerebral symptoms. Diagnosis relies on clinical data and lumbar puncture, with four variants identified.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neurosurgery
    • Diagnostic Medicine

    Background:

    • Spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SSH) is a rare condition requiring accurate diagnosis.
    • Understanding the clinical presentation is crucial for timely intervention.

    Observation:

    • Fifteen patients with spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhage were analyzed.
    • In 12 cases, the underlying cause was identified.

    Findings:

    • The primary symptom of SSH is acute spinal pain, followed by meningeal and mild cerebral symptoms.
    • Focal spinal deficits commonly develop, and four distinct clinical variants were identified.
    • Lumbar puncture is key for diagnosis, though atypical presentations can be challenging.

    Implications:

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    • Accurate diagnosis of SSH is achievable through careful clinical evaluation and diagnostic procedures.
    • Recognition of clinical variants aids in managing patients with spontaneous spinal subarachnoidal hemorrhage.
    • Further research into underlying causes and treatment strategies for SSH is warranted.