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Mycotoxic nephropathy in pigs.

F Elling, T Moller

    Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    |January 1, 1973
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Mycotoxin-contaminated barley caused kidney disease in pigs, leading to tubular atrophy and fibrosis. This mycotoxic nephropathy in pigs may be linked to Balkan nephropathy in humans.

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    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Toxicology
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • A pig nephropathy characterized by tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis has been frequently observed in Denmark over the past 50 years.
    • The condition, first described by Larsen, is linked to feeding pigs mouldy rye.
    • Mycotoxins are suspected etiological factors in Balkan nephropathy in humans, showing similar initial tubular lesions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cause of a nephropathy outbreak in pigs on a Danish farm.
    • To examine the histological changes in pig kidneys associated with suspected mycotoxin exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Kidneys from 19 pigs from a farm experiencing a nephropathy outbreak were examined.
    • The pigs were fed barley contaminated with the mycotoxin ochratoxin A.

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  • Histological examination assessed tubular and glomerular changes, and interstitial fibrosis.

    • Main Results:

    • Histological findings showed varying degrees of tubular epithelium regression, periglomerular and interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, thickened basement membranes, glomerular sclerosis, and marked fibrosis.
    • The observed differences in kidney damage were attributed to variations in exposure duration and ochratoxin A consumption.
    • The study identified ochratoxin A contamination in the pigs' barley feed.

    Conclusions:

    • The study supports the link between ochratoxin A-contaminated feed and the development of mycotoxic nephropathy in pigs.
    • Further experiments with crystalline ochratoxin A are needed to definitively prove this relationship.
    • The findings suggest a potential etiological connection between mycotoxic nephropathy in pigs and Balkan nephropathy in humans.