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Body carbon dioxide storage capacity in exercise.

N L Jones, J E Jurkowski

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |April 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Body carbon dioxide (CO2) storage capacity decreases with increasing exercise intensity. This finding suggests a physiological mechanism contributing to elevated CO2 output during strenuous physical activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Exercise Physiology
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • Understanding the body's capacity to store carbon dioxide (CO2) is crucial for comprehending respiratory regulation during exercise.
    • Previous research has indicated varying CO2 handling during different physiological states, but detailed quantification during exercise is limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the body's CO2 storage capacity at varying exercise intensities.
    • To investigate the relationship between CO2 storage capacity and mixed venous PCO2 (PVCO2) during exercise.

    Main Methods:

    • Nine healthy subjects underwent measurements of CO2 output and mixed venous PCO2 (PVCO2) using rebreathing techniques.
    • Subjects exercised at approximately 30% and 60% VO2max, with controlled hyperventilation to assess CO2 washout and storage capacity.

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  • CO2 output was monitored, and hyperventilation continued until CO2 output returned to baseline levels.

    • Main Results:

    • CO2 washout was observed to be more rapid during exercise compared to rest, with 90% of the change occurring within 4 minutes.
    • Body CO2 storage capacity was measured at 1.83 ± 0.552 ml·kg−1·Torr−1 at lower exercise intensity (30% VO2max) and decreased to 1.19 ± 0.490 ml·kg−1·Torr−1 at higher intensity (60% VO2max).
    • A significant inverse relationship was found between CO2 storage capacity and PVCO2.

    Conclusions:

    • The body's capacity to store CO2 diminishes as PVCO2 increases, particularly evident at higher exercise levels.
    • This reduced CO2 storage capacity may be a contributing factor to the observed increase in pulmonary CO2 output during intense physical exertion.
    • Further research into respiratory gas exchange dynamics during exercise is warranted.