[Unrecognized traumatic rupture of the diaphragm (author's transl)]

20 cases of rupture of the diaphragm (one due to direct trauma, the other 19 due to indirect trauma) which were not recognized at the time of the accident are described. The reasons for the delay in diagnosing the true nature of the condition and the misleading complaints caused by the unrecognized injury are reviewed. Essential diagnostic measures are discussed and guide-lines are suggested to ensure the early diagnosis of rupture of the diaphragm.