[Reading and writing disorders in elementary school students with varying achievment]

In a group of 391 first and second year pupils, of whom 191 with low and 200 with excellent marks at school the author promoted studies, aimed at establishing reading and writing disorders of the so called dyslexia and dysgraphia type.

Serious reading and writing disorders were detected in 14.8 per cent of all pupils in this study, disregarding their marks at school. These disorders were encountered however in 29.3 per cent of the children with low marks and in only 1 per cent of those with excellent marks. The incidence of some morbid states and functional disorders, including disorders of lateralization, was significantly higher in pupils with low marks at school. It is concluded that dyslexia and dysgraphia-type of reading and writing disorders in primary school children are factors exerting unfavourable effect on the marks at school and are likely to be etiologically related to some disturbances of health and disorders of lateralization. This prompts their early detection, with a diligent study of the causative factors and early promotion of adequate therapy and corrective measures.