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The posterior cervical lymph node in toxoplasmosis.

G F Gray, A C Kimball, B H Kean

    The American Journal of Pathology
    |November 1, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary

    Posterior cervical lymph node enlargement is a key sign of toxoplasmosis in adults. A specific pattern of sinus histiocytosis in these nodes aids in diagnosing this infection.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Microbiology
    • Pathology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy is a common presentation of toxoplasmosis in adults.
    • Accurate diagnosis relies on differentiating infectious causes from other lymphoproliferative diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify characteristic histopathologic findings in lymph node biopsies from patients with toxoplasmosis.
    • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of posterior cervical lymph node biopsy in suspected toxoplasmosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Histopathologic examination of lymph node biopsies from 37 patients tested for toxoplasmosis.
    • Serologic and isolation studies were performed for toxoplasmosis confirmation.
    • Comparison of findings in posterior cervical nodes versus nodes from other sites.
    • Evaluation of cases with coexisting lymphoma.

    Main Results:

    • A distinct pattern of sinus histiocytosis was observed in 17 of 18 posterior cervical lymph nodes from toxoplasmosis patients.
    • This pattern was absent in lymph nodes from patients with other diseases.
    • Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 14 of 17 node samples from infected patients.
    • Lymphoma masked characteristic toxoplasmosis changes in 5 patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Sinus histiocytosis in posterior cervical lymph nodes is a characteristic finding in adult toxoplasmosis.
    • Lymph node biopsy, particularly of posterior cervical nodes, is valuable for diagnosing toxoplasmosis.
    • Coexisting conditions like lymphoma can complicate histopathologic diagnosis.

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