Determinations of performance and mechanical efficiency in nordic skiing

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Biomechanics

Background:

• Assessing performance determinants in Nordic skiing is crucial for training optimization.
• Previous studies have focused on physiological responses during submaximal exercise.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the factors influencing performance and mechanical efficiency in male Nordic skiers.
• To compare physiological responses during skiing versus treadmill running.

Main Methods:

• Ten male university Nordic skiers performed maximal speed skiing on a level course and uphill treadmill running.
• Measurements included oxygen intake, heart rate, and respiratory gas exchange.
• Multiple regression analysis was used to identify performance predictors.

Main Results:

• Skiing oxygen intake averaged 89.6% of treadmill maximum oxygen intake (63.9 ml.kg-1 min-1).
• Experienced skiers approached 100% of treadmill maximum oxygen intake during skiing.
• Skiing speed correlated with skiing experience, maximum oxygen intake, and body fat percentage.

Conclusions:

• Skiing performance is influenced by skill, physiological capacity, and body composition.
• Mechanical efficiency for university skiers averaged under 20% gross and 21.3% net.
• Skill level appears to be a limiting factor for maximum oxygen intake during Nordic skiing.