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Related Experiment Videos

Rib cage deformation during static inspiratory efforts.

N A Saunders, S M Kreitzer, R H Ingram

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |June 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Rib cage (RC) deformation during breathing varies with lung volume and muscle use. Inspiratory efforts can change the RC shape unpredictably based on respiratory muscle patterns and configuration.

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    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory Physiology
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • The rib cage (RC) undergoes deformation during breathing.
    • Previous assumptions suggested predictable RC deformation patterns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate rib cage deformation patterns during static inspiratory efforts.
    • To determine factors influencing RC shape changes at different lung volumes.

    Main Methods:

    • Six healthy subjects performed static inspiratory efforts to -30 to -60 cmH2O esophageal pressure (Pes).
    • RC dimensions were measured at varying lung volumes (below and above 50% inspiratory capacity [IC]).
    • Muscle activation patterns (diaphragmatic vs. intercostal/accessory) and diaphragm configuration were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • At low lung volumes (<50% IC), RC deformed to an elliptical shape (decreased lateral, increased anteroposterior diameter).
    • At high lung volumes (>50% IC), RC deformation was opposite, becoming more circular.
    • RC deformation to a circular shape occurred at low lung volumes with specific muscle activation patterns or flattened diaphragm configurations.

    Conclusions:

    • Rib cage deformation during static inspiration is not as predictable as previously thought.
    • RC deformation depends significantly on the pattern of respiratory muscle contraction and diaphragm configuration.
    • Lung volume alone does not solely dictate RC deformation patterns.

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