Distribution of regional volumes and ventilation in excised canine lobes

A linear elasticity solution for the gravitational deformation of excised lungs was obtained. The accuracy of our solution was examined by comparing predicted and measured displacements of markers glued to the surface of canine lower lobes. The equations describing the strains in a lobe were used to predict the distribution of regional volumes and the slope of phase III (S3) of a single-breath oxygen (SBO2) test. The analysis predicted a negative S3. However, S3 was found to be positive in the five lobes tested, suggesting that factors other than gravity were responsible for the observed pattern of ventilation. In SBO2 tests repeated with increasing delays at end inflation, S3 progressively decreased, became negative, and was eventually abolished. Our equations predicted the most negative observed S3 well. We conclude that continuum mechanics can be used to describe the gravitational deformation of lungs and the resulting effect on ventilation distribution.