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Related Experiment Videos

Subcutaneous tissue gas space pressure during superficial isobaric counterdiffusion.

J R Cowley, C Allegra, C J Lambertsen

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Isobaric inert gas counterdiffusion, where helium (He) exposure causes nitrous oxide (N2O) to bubble in rabbit ears, significantly increased subcutaneous tissue pressure. This study quantifies pressure changes during N2O-He counterdiffusion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Diving Medicine
    • Inert Gas Physiology

    Background:

    • Isobaric inert gas counterdiffusion is a phenomenon where gas moves from one inert gas to another at constant pressure.
    • This process can lead to the formation of gas bubbles in tissues, potentially causing pathological effects.
    • Understanding the physiological consequences of counterdiffusion is crucial for diving safety and hyperbaric medicine.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure subcutaneous tissue pressure changes during isobaric counterdiffusion of nitrous oxide (N2O) and helium (He).
    • To investigate the development of gas phase in subcutaneous tissue under specific counterdiffusion conditions.
    • To analyze the pathological implications of inert gas counterdiffusion.

    Main Methods:

    • New Zealand White rabbits were used as the experimental model.

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  • Rabbits breathed an 80% N2O-20% O2 mixture while their ears were exposed solely to Helium (He) at 1 ATA.
  • Subcutaneous pressure was measured using a fluid-filled needle connected to a transducer system.

    • Main Results:

    • Gas phase development in subcutaneous tissue led to a significant rise in pressure.
    • A maximum pressure (Pmax) of 48 +/- 10 Torr was recorded in the counterdiffused ear.
    • The mean time to reach Pmax was 75 +/- 10 minutes.

    Conclusions:

    • Isobaric inert gas counterdiffusion, specifically N2O-He, causes substantial increases in subcutaneous tissue pressure.
    • The measured pressure changes provide quantitative data on the gas phase development during counterdiffusion.
    • Findings are relevant to understanding the pathological processes associated with isobaric inert gas counterdiffusion.