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Translocation trisomic mice: production by female but not male translocation carriers
Abstract:
In man, there is generally a greater chance for a translocation trisomic child to be born if the mother rather than the father is the translocation carrier. The same type of inheritance has occurred in the mouse. Female mice heterozygous for the reciprocal translocationT(14;15)6Ca have produced a high frequency of translocation trisomic offspring. Male mice heterozygous for the same translocation have produced no translocation trisomic offspring. Thus, the laboratory mouse may provide a model for studying the cause of this phenomenon.
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X-Inactivation
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes
In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...

