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Environment and face-hand test performance in the institutionalized elderly.

B L Mishara

    Journal of Gerontology
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
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    Elderly individuals in long-term care showed improved cognitive function on the Face Hand test when placed in an enriched environment. This cognitive enhancement was significantly greater than in token economy or control groups.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Gerontology
    • Psychology

    Background:

    • Long-term institutionalized elderly individuals often experience cognitive decline.
    • Assessing cognitive function in this population can be challenging.
    • The Face Hand (FH) test is a tool for evaluating certain cognitive abilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of environmental enrichment on cognitive performance in institutionalized elderly people.
    • To compare the effectiveness of an enriched environment versus a token economy program on cognitive function.

    Main Methods:

    • A nine-month study involving institutionalized elderly participants.
    • Participants were assigned to either an enriched stimulation environment, a token economy program, or custodial care (control).

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  • The Face Hand (FH) test was administered repeatedly; other neuropsychological tests were used supplementarily.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant improvement in FH test performance was observed in the enriched environment group compared to token economy and control groups.
    • An interaction effect between experimental condition and testing time indicated environment-specific improvements.
    • In a subsample, FH test performance correlated with some neuropsychological measures but not social skills.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmental enrichment can significantly enhance cognitive function in long-term institutionalized elderly individuals.
    • The Face Hand test is a sensitive measure for detecting cognitive changes in this population.
    • Cognitive improvements in this context appear linked to specific neuropsychological functions rather than general social skills.