Primitive nervous systems: electrophysiology of inhibitory events in flatworm nerve cords

Evoked potentials from the major longitudinal nerve cords of Notoplana acticola are potentiated if the preparation is decerebrated or if certain nerves in the ventral submuscular plexus are severed. Concomitant with an increase in amplitude of the response (in some preparations over fourfold) is a decrease in latency of the response and a decrease in the threshold stimulus intensity needed to evoke activity. Evoked activity can also be depressed with moderate increases in stimulus intensity and is induced some distance from the recording site. The depressant effects can be lifted if the brain is bisected, if the contralateral nerve VI is severed close to the brain, and if the commissures between the two nerves VI are cut. The depressant effects of nerves V and VI are additive. Depression and the subsequent lifting of the inhibition occur in Ringer baths containing either normal sea water or equal mixtures of sea water and isotonic MgCl2. The possibility of inhibitory synapses immune to high concentrations of magnesium ions is discussed.