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Refeeding-malaria and hyperferraemia.

M J Murray, N J Murray, A B Murray

    Lancet (London, England)
    |March 22, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    During the Sahelian drought, malaria attacks surged in hospital patients and relatives in Niger. Refeeding-induced hyperferraemia likely fueled parasite multiplication, triggering malaria outbreaks.

    Area of Science:

    • Tropical Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Falciparum malaria outbreaks were observed in patients and relatives upon hospital admission in Eastern Niger during the Central African drought.
    • This phenomenon prompted a prospective investigation into the underlying causes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the increased incidence of falciparum malaria attacks in patients and relatives following hospital admission in Eastern Niger.
    • To explore the relationship between serum iron levels, refeeding, and malaria parasite activity.

    Main Methods:

    • A prospective study involving 72 adult patients (not admitted for malaria) and 109 accompanying relatives.
    • Monitoring of malaria attacks, parasitaemia levels, serum iron, and transferrin saturation post-admission.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Experimental infection of Wistar rats with and without intramuscular iron supplementation.

    • Main Results:

    • 23 malaria attacks occurred in patients and 51 in relatives, peaking five days after arrival.
    • Parasitaemia increased significantly by day five, correlating with rising serum iron and transferrin saturation.
    • Iron-supplemented rats showed enhanced susceptibility to malaria infection, supporting the hypothesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Early hyperferraemia, potentially linked to refeeding, appears to accelerate malaria parasite multiplication.
    • This mechanism likely contributes to the observed malaria attacks shortly after hospital admission during drought conditions.
    • Iron management may be a critical factor in preventing malaria exacerbations in vulnerable populations.