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Rejection of Eimeria by foreign hosts.

P L Long, B J Millard

    Parasitology
    |April 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Eimeria maxima oocysts do not develop in guinea fowl, requiring transfer to chickens for infection. Most parasite stages are lost within 6-12 hours, with limited survival.

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    Infection and immunity·1992

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Parasitology
    • Protozoology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Eimeria species are significant protozoan parasites causing coccidiosis in poultry.
    • Understanding host-parasite interactions is crucial for controlling avian diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the developmental cycle and infectivity of Eimeria maxima in guinea fowl.
    • To determine the viability and infectivity of Eimeria sporozoites in different host immune cells.

    Main Methods:

    • Inoculation of Eimeria maxima oocysts into guinea fowl.
    • Transfer of infected tissues to susceptible chickens to assess infectivity.
    • In vitro incubation of Eimeria sporozoites with peritoneal macrophages from various avian species.

    Main Results:

    • Eimeria maxima oocysts failed to develop in guinea fowl.
    • Successful transmission of infection to chickens occurred via tissue transfer from infected guinea fowl.
    • Parasite stages were significantly lost between 6 and 12 hours post-inoculation.
    • Eimeria tenella sporozoites showed reduced infectivity after 48-hour incubation with macrophages.
    • Eimeria grenieri sporozoites were destroyed by chicken macrophages.

    Conclusions:

    • Guinea fowl are not a suitable host for Eimeria maxima development.
    • A critical period of parasite stage loss occurs early in the infection cycle in guinea fowl.
    • Host immune cells, specifically macrophages, play a role in limiting Eimeria sporozoite infectivity.

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