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Intestinal perforation in ascariasis--case reports.

O Morgan, O James, R Sahoy

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Ascariasis can cause intestinal perforation, a serious complication where adult roundworms damage the gut. This rare condition, even without typhoid fever, can be fatal, highlighting the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment of ascariasis.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Parasitology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Ascariasis, caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, is a common intestinal nematode infection globally.
    • Intestinal perforation is a rare but severe complication of ascariasis.

    Observation:

    • Two cases of intestinal perforation were observed in patients with ascariasis.
    • Adult Ascaris lumbricoides were found within the intestinal tract or free in the peritoneal cavity in both cases.

    Findings:

    • The intestinal perforations were directly attributed to the presence and activity of adult Ascaris lumbricoides.
    • Neither patient had a concurrent diagnosis of typhoid fever, a condition sometimes associated with intestinal complications.
    • One patient had a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma, suggesting potential immunocompromise or other contributing factors.

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    Implications:

    • These cases underscore the critical risk of intestinal perforation as a direct consequence of ascariasis.
    • Prompt recognition and management of ascariasis are crucial to prevent potentially fatal outcomes like intestinal perforation.
    • Further research may elucidate the specific mechanisms by which Ascaris lumbricoides induce perforation, especially in non-typhoidal contexts.