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Opiate addiction and suicidal behaviors.

J T Moore, L L Judd, W W Zung

    The American Journal of Psychiatry
    |September 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Opioid addiction is linked to increased psychopathology and higher suicide risk. A study found the Index of Potential Suicide (IPS) scale effectively differentiates between individuals with opiate addiction and controls.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Psychology
    • Addiction Medicine

    Background:

    • Opioid addiction is a significant public health concern.
    • Psychopathology is frequently observed in individuals with substance use disorders.
    • Certain psychopathological factors are associated with increased suicide risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether individuals addicted to opiates exhibit greater psychopathology in suicide risk predictor areas compared to non-addicted controls.
    • To evaluate the utility of the Index of Potential Suicide (IPS) in distinguishing between these groups.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 278 patients in a methadone maintenance program and 207 healthy controls were recruited.
    • The Index of Potential Suicide (IPS), a validated suicide risk assessment scale, was administered to all participants.
    • Discriminant function analysis was employed to analyze the data.

    Main Results:

    • The Index of Potential Suicide (IPS) demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating between the two groups.
    • 87% of methadone patients and 98% of control subjects were correctly classified based on IPS scores.
    • This suggests significant differences in psychopathology related to suicide risk between the groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Individuals with opiate addiction show distinct patterns of psychopathology associated with suicide risk.
    • The Index of Potential Suicide (IPS) is a valuable tool for identifying individuals at higher risk within this population.
    • Further research into targeted interventions for this vulnerable group is warranted.

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