[Arteriovenous fistula and rheumatic cardiopathy]

A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula associated with rheumatic mitral heart disease is presented. We have reviewed the literature and no published case with such association has been described. The loud mitral insufficiency murmur hide the continuous murmur of the fistula. The angiographic study demonstrated the A-V fistula. Retrospectively the diagnosis should have been suspected due to cyanosis, slight clubbing, the radiologic findings and the important Qs/Qt shunt. The associated pulmonary embolic phenomena made more difficult the diagnosis.