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Reality orientation and staff attention: a controlled study.

R T Woods

    The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
    |May 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Reality Orientation (R.O.) significantly improved memory and orientation in elderly residents with mental infirmities. This suggests that staff attention encouraging appropriate behavior is key to resident well-being.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Psychiatric Nursing
    • Cognitive Rehabilitation

    Background:

    • Elderly individuals with mental infirmities often experience cognitive decline.
    • Effective interventions are needed to improve cognitive function and quality of life in this population.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of Reality Orientation (R.O.) compared to social therapy and an untreated control group.
    • To determine the impact of R.O. on cognitive functions such as information recall, orientation, and memory in elderly residents.

    Main Methods:

    • A trial was conducted in a residential home for the elderly mentally infirm.
    • Participants were assigned to either Reality Orientation, a 'social therapy' control group, or an untreated control group.
    • Cognitive function was assessed using tests of information, orientation, and memory.

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    Main Results:

    • Residents receiving Reality Orientation showed significant improvements in tests of information, orientation, and memory compared to both control groups.
    • No significant differences were observed in rating scale assessments of resident functioning within the home across groups.

    Conclusions:

    • The nature of staff attention is crucial for improving cognitive function in the elderly mentally infirm.
    • Interventions should focus on encouraging and rewarding appropriate behavior to enhance resident outcomes.
    • Reality Orientation shows promise as an intervention for improving specific cognitive deficits.