Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Acute systemic anaphylaxis in the horse.

P Eyre, A J Lewis

    British Journal of Pharmacology
    |July 1, 1973
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study reveals that histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and bradykinin impact horse physiology during anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis in horses causes significant cardiovascular and hematological changes, with elevated histamine and kinin activity.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    The effect of bariatric surgery type on cardiac reverse remodelling.

    International journal of obesity (2005)·2024
    Same author

    Changes in epicardial and visceral adipose tissue depots following bariatric surgery and their effect on cardiac geometry.

    Frontiers in endocrinology·2023
    Same author

    Change in surface characteristics and permeability of human enamel after subjecting to radiation therapy.

    Nigerian journal of clinical practice·2022
    Same author

    Body composition, tissue deposition, and lysine utilization for protein deposition of barrows and gilts fed crystalline or protein-bound lysine.

    Journal of animal science·2016
    Same author

    Prenatal maternal mental health and fetal growth restriction: a systematic review.

    Journal of developmental origins of health and disease·2016
    Same author

    Hydrogen production from switchgrass via an integrated pyrolysis-microbial electrolysis process.

    Bioresource technology·2015

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Pharmacology
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and bradykinin are vasoactive substances with known physiological effects.
    • Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur in horses.
    • Understanding the specific roles of these mediators in equine anaphylaxis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the physiological and hematological responses of horses to anaphylaxis.
    • To determine the involvement of histamine, 5-HT, and bradykinin in the pathogenesis of equine anaphylaxis.
    • To examine the pathological changes associated with acute anaphylaxis in horses.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered histamine, 5-HT, and bradykinin to horses to observe dose-dependent effects on cardiovascular parameters.
    • Induced acute anaphylaxis in horses and monitored systemic arterial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and central venous pressure.
    • Collected blood samples to analyze plasma concentrations of histamine, 5-HT, and kinin activity, as well as hematological parameters (leukocytes, platelets, potassium).
    • Examined tissue histamine concentrations and mast cell morphology in anaphylactic and control horses.
    • Performed gross and histopathological examination of major organs, particularly the lungs.

    Main Results:

    • Histamine exhibited dose-dependent depressor and biphasic effects, while 5-HT was pressor and bradykinin was depressor. All increased pulmonary artery pressure and decreased central venous pressure.
    • Equine anaphylaxis induced severe systemic arterial hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, and altered breathing patterns (apnea, dyspnea).
    • Anaphylaxis led to hemoconcentration, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperkalemia, with early significant increases in plasma histamine and kinin activity, and initial decreases in plasma 5-HT.
    • Tissue histamine levels did not differ significantly, but mast cells showed degranulation.
    • Pathological findings included pulmonary edema and congestion, gastrointestinal inflammation, and organ engorgement, with microscopic evidence of emphysema and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung alveoli.

    Conclusions:

    • Histamine, 5-HT, and bradykinin play significant roles in the cardiovascular and respiratory manifestations of equine anaphylaxis.
    • The observed hematological and biochemical changes during anaphylaxis highlight the systemic impact of the reaction.
    • Mast cell degranulation and subsequent mediator release are key events in the pathophysiology of equine anaphylaxis, leading to significant organ damage, especially in the lungs.

    Related Experiment Videos