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RNA processing and RNA tumor virus origin and evolution.

D Gillespie, R C Gallo

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 23, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    RNA tumor virus genomes originate from cell genes. Aberrant RNA processing, termed paraprocessing, may generate these viruses, potentially leading to human cancers.

    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Virology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • RNA tumor viruses (RTVs) are implicated in cancer.
    • The origin of RTV genomes is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the origin of RNA tumor virus genomes.
    • To propose a mechanism for RTV generation and evolution.

    Main Methods:

    • Molecular hybridization experiments comparing RTV RNA with normal cell DNA.
    • Analysis of RTV RNA structural properties.

    Main Results:

    • RTV genomes appear to originate from host cell genes.
    • Two classes of RTVs identified: Class 1 (recent origin, similar to cell genes) and Class 2 (more distant relation).

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  • A novel RNA processing mechanism, 'paraprocessing,' is proposed to generate RTV RNA from cellular transcripts.

    • Conclusions:

    • Aberrant paraprocessing of cellular gene transcripts can generate RTV genomes.
    • This process, especially in differentiated cells, may lead to RTV formation.
    • RTVs can evolve from Class 1 to Class 2 through genetic changes, potentially contributing to cancer.