Release phenomena and iterative activities in psychiatric geriatric patients

This survey was undertaken to assess the frequency of some of the so-called release phenomena and iterative activities in an aged psychiatric population. Three groups of geriatric psychiatric patients with diagnoses of (I) organic brain syndrome, including senile dementia (56), (II) functional psychoses, predominantly schizophrenia (51) and (III) chronic schizophrenia never treated by neuroleptics or other biologic agents (16), were compared with (IV) a control group of 32 elderly people in good physical and mental health.In general, for the manifestations studied, the geriatric psychiatric patients suffering from an organic brain syndrome and treated with neuroleptics differed notably from the control group. This latter group, although older, had few neurological signs of senescence and the spontaneous oral movements usually associated with the use of neuroleptics were absent. Release phenomena such as the grasp and pouting reflexes, as well as the stereotyped activities, were encountered significantly more frequently in patients with an organic brain syndrome than in the two other groups of patients. Our survey has yielded limited results with regard to the possible influence of type of illness and neuroleptic treatment on the incidence of release phenomena and iterative activities.