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Onchocerciasis in Canada.

S K Seah

    Canadian Medical Association Journal
    |March 16, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Two cases of onchocerciasis, a parasitic disease, were identified in Canada. Diagnosis involved skin snips and nodule examination, revealing the parasite Onchocerca volvulus.

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    Area of Science:

    • Tropical Medicine
    • Parasitology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, is a neglected tropical disease caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus.
    • It is endemic in parts of Africa, Central and South America, and Yemen.
    • Imported cases in non-endemic regions highlight the importance of awareness and diagnostic capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the first two cases of onchocerciasis diagnosed in Canada.
    • To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment of these imported cases.
    • To discuss the public health implications of onchocerciasis in a non-endemic setting.

    Main Methods:

    • Microscopic examination of skin snips for microfilariae.
    • Surgical excision and histopathological examination of subcutaneous nodules for adult worms.

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  • Clinical assessment for symptoms including pruritus and ocular involvement.
  • Co-diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis.

    • Main Results:

    • Two patients presenting with intense pruritus were diagnosed with onchocerciasis.
    • One patient exhibited early ocular manifestations.
    • Microscopic analysis of skin snips confirmed the presence of Onchocerca volvulus.
    • Co-infection with urinary schistosomiasis was noted in both patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Onchocerciasis can be diagnosed in Canada through standard parasitological methods.
    • Imported cases underscore the need for vigilance among healthcare providers.
    • Effective management and public health strategies are crucial for controlling the spread of onchocerciasis.