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Causes of hypercalcemia.

E T Zawada, D B Lee, C R Kleeman

    Postgraduate Medicine
    |October 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hypercalcemia, or high blood calcium, is often due to rapid bone growth in infants. Common causes include cancer, overactive parathyroid glands, and certain medications like vitamin D.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Pediatrics
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Hypercalcemia is a condition characterized by elevated serum calcium levels.
    • While common in infants due to bone growth, it can indicate serious underlying conditions in all age groups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize the common causes and contributing factors of hypercalcemia.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of established medical literature on hypercalcemia etiology.
    • Synthesis of information regarding physiological and pathological causes.

    Main Results:

    • Normal rapid bone growth is a frequent cause in infants.
    • Malignant diseases and hyperparathyroidism are leading causes in the general population.

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  • Pharmacologic agents (e.g., vitamin D, thiazides), vitamin D hypersensitivity, excessive calcium intake, and prolonged immobilization are significant contributing factors.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hypercalcemia has diverse etiologies, ranging from physiological processes to serious diseases and iatrogenic causes.
    • Understanding these causes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of hypercalcemia.