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Interaction of mycoplasma with viruses. I. Primary adsorption of virus is ionic in mechanism
Abstract:
We have studied the adsorption of the Gourlay Acholeplasma virus MVL-1 to the host cell Acholeplasma laidlawii JA-1. Successful adsorption depends primarily on some unknown action of the serum factor in the medium, but evaluation of various physical parameters indicates clearly that given this factor the kinetics is pseudo first order (K = 3 x 10(-9) cm(3)/min) and the mechanism ionic. Chiefly important are the ionic strength of the cation and pH (optimal Na(+) = 0.08 M, pH = 6). The system seems indifferent to whether the cation is Na, K, NH(4), Ca, or Mg. There is little effect of temperature over the range 0 to 42 C. The diffusion constant of the virus, calculated from its geometry or its maximum adsorption rate, is consistent with its reported size and shape.
Insights
The adsorption of Acholeplasma virus MVL-1 to host cells is primarily serum-factor dependent. Kinetics are pseudo first order and ionic, with optimal cation strength and pH crucial for viral adsorption.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Virology
- Biophysics
Background:
- The Gourlay Acholeplasma virus MVL-1 infects the host cell Acholeplasma laidlawii JA-1.
- Viral adsorption is a critical initial step in the infection cycle.
- Understanding adsorption mechanisms is key to controlling viral spread.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the adsorption kinetics and mechanism of Acholeplasma virus MVL-1 to Acholeplasma laidlawii JA-1.
- To identify key physical and chemical parameters influencing viral adsorption.
Main Methods:
- Studied adsorption under varying physical parameters including ionic strength, pH, and temperature.
- Determined adsorption kinetics using pseudo first-order models.
- Calculated virus diffusion constants based on adsorption rates and geometry.
Main Results:
- Adsorption is significantly dependent on an unknown serum factor.
- Adsorption kinetics follow a pseudo first-order model (K = 3 x 10(-9) cm(3)/min).
- Ionic strength and pH are critical, with optimal conditions at Na+ = 0.08 M and pH = 6.
- Cation type (Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and temperature (0-42°C) have minimal impact.
- Calculated diffusion constant aligns with the virus's reported size and shape.
Conclusions:
- Viral adsorption is primarily mediated by a serum factor, with ionic interactions playing a key role.
- The process is characterized by pseudo first-order kinetics and is sensitive to ionic strength and pH.
- Physical parameters like temperature and cation type have limited influence on the adsorption efficiency.