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Human development through occupation: theoretical frameworks in contemporary occupational therapy practice, part 1.
Summary
Occupational therapy has not yet achieved an integrated theory despite calls in 1968. Four major theoretical frameworks have evolved, offering insights into the field's practice and philosophy.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Therapy Theory
- Clinical Practice Frameworks
Background:
- A 1968 conference called for an integrated occupational therapy theory.
- Despite advances, this goal remains largely unmet.
- Current practice faces challenges contrasted with recent field developments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze theoretical constructs in occupational therapy.
- To identify generic concepts characterizing the field.
- To discuss theoretical frameworks and their research validation.
Main Methods:
- Review of practical problems in contemporary occupational therapy.
- Analysis of developments in occupational therapy over the past decade.
- Examination of four significant theoretical frameworks: Fidler and Mosey, Wilbarger, Llorens, and Reilly.
Main Results:
- Four major theoretical frameworks have emerged: Fidler and Mosey, Wilbarger, Llorens, and Reilly.
- Analysis identified generic concepts fundamental to occupational therapy.
- Theoretical constructs and research validation for these approaches are discussed.
Conclusions:
- An integrated theory of occupational therapy has not been fully attained.
- Four distinct theoretical frameworks provide a basis for practice.
- Future work will explore deriving a philosophical basis and practice model from these frameworks.