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Benzene exposures during gasoline loading at bulk marketing terminals
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
|June 1, 1979
Summary
Benzene exposure during gasoline truck loading is highest at facilities using top loading without vapor recovery. This can lead to employee exposure exceeding 0.5 ppm, posing a significant health risk.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Environmental Science
- Industrial Hygiene
Background:
- Gasoline bulk marketing terminals are key distribution points.
- Worker exposure to volatile organic compounds, such as benzene, is a concern.
- Benzene is a known human carcinogen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify benzene exposure levels for personnel at gasoline terminals.
- To identify specific operations and terminal types associated with higher benzene exposure.
- To inform strategies for reducing occupational benzene exposure.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a study across 20 gasoline bulk marketing terminals.
- Collected short-duration breathing zone samples during truck loading operations.
- Surveyed various product transfer methods, including top loading with and without vapor recovery.
Main Results:
- Benzene exposure levels were highest during top loading operations without vapor recovery.
- Exceedances of 0.5 ppm (8-hour time-weighted average) were observed.
- Exposure varied based on the product transfer method used at the rack.
Conclusions:
- Top loading without vapor recovery presents the highest risk for benzene exposure.
- Implementing vapor recovery systems is crucial for mitigating worker exposure.
- Findings support enhanced safety protocols at gasoline bulk marketing terminals.