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Artificial cutting-fluid smoke generation: effect of pressure
American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
|July 1, 1979
Summary
Industrial smoke from cutting fluid is a potential carcinogen. This study found that smoke generation during metal cutting is primarily due to high temperatures, not cutting pressures, simplifying the design of artificial smoke devices for toxicity testing.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Industrial Hygiene
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Industrial smoke from cutting fluids presents a carcinogenic risk to workers.
- Accurate toxicity testing requires a reliable artificial smoke generation device.
- Understanding the primary drivers of smoke formation is crucial for device design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if heat or pressure is the main factor in generating industrial smoke from cutting fluids.
- To inform the design of an artificial smoke device for toxicity assessments.
- To investigate the relationship between process parameters and smoke composition.
Main Methods:
- Generated artificial smoke under controlled conditions, varying heat and pressure.
- Utilized gas chromatography to analyze the composition of the generated smoke.
- Compared gas chromatograph responses for smoke produced with and without applied pressure.
Main Results:
- Gas chromatograph analysis showed identical responses for smoke generated with and without pressure.
- The presence or absence of cutting surface pressure did not alter the smoke's chemical profile.
- This indicates that temperature is the dominant factor in smoke formation.
Conclusions:
- Industrial smoke generation during metal cutting is predominantly a thermal phenomenon.
- Cutting surface pressures do not significantly influence the composition of smoke from cutting fluids.
- These findings simplify the design of artificial smoke devices, focusing on heat simulation.