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Thyroid function in term newborn infants with congenital goiter.

J Homoki, J Birk, U Loos

    The Journal of Pediatrics
    |May 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Congenital goiter in newborns can indicate subtle hypothyroidism, even with normal bone age. Early thyroid hormone treatment is crucial for brain development and goiter regression.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal endocrinology
    • Pediatric thyroid disorders

    Background:

    • Congenital goiter presents a diagnostic challenge in newborns.
    • Thyroid dysfunction in infancy can impact neurodevelopment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate thyroid function and bone maturation in infants with congenital goiter.
    • To identify subtle hypothyroidism in newborns with congenital goiter.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessed thyroid function tests (TSH, T4I, PBI, TBI) in 45 infants with congenital goiter.
    • Radiologically evaluated bone age (femoral and tibial epiphyses).
    • Compared findings with 84 healthy term newborns.

    Main Results:

    • 58% of infants with congenital goiter showed retarded bone age and biochemical evidence of hypothyroidism (elevated TSH, TBI; decreased T4I, PBI).

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  • 42% had normal bone age and biochemical parameters, except for elevated TBI.
  • Subtle hypothyroidism was identified in a significant portion of infants.

    • Conclusions:

    • Newborns with congenital goiter and subtle hypothyroidism require thyroid hormone substitution to prevent potential brain development retardation.
    • Even without biochemical hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone treatment aids rapid goiter regression.