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Psychiatry in the Soviet Union.

J K Wing

    British Medical Journal
    |March 9, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary

    Soviet psychiatric services for the chronically handicapped feature community units, including day centers and sheltered workshops, offering potential learning for British services. Diagnostic and juridical differences, particularly concerning political dissenters, highlight significant divergences.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Social Services
    • Comparative Healthcare Systems

    Background:

    • The Soviet Union's approach to psychiatric care for the chronically handicapped is examined.
    • The existing Soviet system is structured around community-based units offering comprehensive support.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the Soviet psychiatric service model for chronically handicapped individuals.
    • To compare Soviet and British psychiatric practices, identifying areas for mutual learning.
    • To analyze differences in diagnosis, particularly for schizophrenia, and their implications.

    Main Methods:

    • Descriptive analysis of the Soviet community-based psychiatric care system.
    • Comparative review of diagnostic criteria and juridical procedures between Soviet and British psychiatry.
    • Examination of the concept of criminal responsibility within the Soviet psychiatric context.

    Main Results:

    • Soviet services utilize a network of community units comprising day centers, follow-up clinics, and sheltered workshops.
    • Significant diagnostic differences exist, with 'schizophrenia' encompassing conditions labeled differently in Britain.
    • Divergences in juridical procedures and the concept of criminal responsibility, influenced by political factors, are noted.

    Conclusions:

    • British services could benefit from insights gained from the Soviet community unit model.
    • Political factors heavily influence Soviet psychiatric practices, especially concerning political dissenters, rendering them unacceptable to many British psychiatrists.
    • Despite differences, continued dialogue between British and Soviet psychiatrists may foster mutual understanding and potential improvements.

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