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[Mediastinal emphysema in children].

Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico

|November 1, 1979

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive airway pressure in infants can cause alveolar distention, leading to pulmonary interstitial emphysema. Air then moves into the mediastinum, causing pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal medicine
Pediatric pulmonology
Medical imaging

Background:

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare complications in neonates.
The exact pathogenesis of these conditions in infants requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review cases of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in infants.
To investigate the relationship between airway pressure, alveolar distention, and air dissection into the mediastinum.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 25 infant cases with pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.
Analysis of clinical observations and potential etiological factors.

Main Results:

Elevated airway pressure was associated with excessive alveolar distention.

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Pulmonary interstitial emphysema was identified as an intermediate step.

Air was observed to dissect from interstitial areas to the mediastinum.

Conclusions:

Increased airway pressure is a likely cause of alveolar and interstitial emphysema in infants.
This process can lead to pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema.
Understanding this mechanism aids in managing respiratory distress in neonates.