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Related Experiment Videos

Expressive tendencies and physiological response to stress.

C I Notarius, R W Levenson

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural emotional expressers showed lower physiological stress responses compared to natural inhibitors. This suggests emotional expressivity is stable and linked to empathy, supporting the discharge model of emotion.

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    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychophysiology
    • Nonverbal Communication

    Background:

    • Individual differences in emotional expressivity exist.
    • The relationship between expressive tendencies and physiological stress responses requires further investigation.
    • The discharge model of emotion provides a theoretical framework for understanding emotion regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the effects of natural expressive tendencies on physiological responses to stress.
    • To examine the stability of overt expressivity across time and situations.
    • To explore the relationship between expressive tendencies and personality traits.

    Main Methods:

    • Male undergraduates were categorized as natural expressers or natural inhibitors based on facial responsiveness to a stressor videotape.
    • Physiological responses (heart rate, respiration rate, skin conductance) and facial expressions were monitored during a threat of shock situation.
    • Personality measures, including the Mehrabian empathic tendency scale, self-esteem, introversion-extraversion, and locus of control, were administered.

    Main Results:

    • Natural inhibitors exhibited less facial expressivity and greater physiological reactivity to the shock threat compared to natural expressers.
    • Overt expressivity was found to be stable over time and situation.
    • Natural expressers scored significantly higher on the empathic tendency scale.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings support the discharge model of emotion, indicating that individuals who inhibit emotional expression are more physiologically reactive.
    • Overt emotional expressivity is a stable individual difference.
    • Empathic tendency is associated with natural emotional expressivity.

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