Epidemiology of hip fracture. A review with implications for the physical therapist

Patient variables associated with the occurrence of hip fracture are reviewed, with advanced age, the female sex, and the white race being the most notable variables. Findings from studies relating patient variables to treatment results are also presented. The strongest predictors of poor treatment results are 1) age greater than 75 years, 2) cerebral dysfunction, 3) multiple secondary problems, and 4) low prefracture functional status. Relevance of this knowledge for physical therapists engaged in education, research, and clinical practice is discussed, concluding that knowledge of epidemiology is important to physical therapists' general information on hip fracture.